Electric power-hammer



(No Model.)

C. J. VAN DBPOELE.

l ELECTRIC POWER HAMMER. No. 436,277. Patented sept; 9, 1890, F7295. Fpgl.

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mvv/Wcoz yf@ d?. oCWM/ Charles IVCQnDe/ooele UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

CHARLES J. VAN DEPOELE, OF LYNN, MASSACHUSETTS.

ELECTRIC POWER-HAMMER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 436,277, dated September 9, 1890.

Application tiled May 23, 1890. Serial No. 352,844. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, CHARLES J. VAN DE- POELE, a citizen of the United States, resid` ing at Lynn, in the county of Essex and State of Massachusetts, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Electric Power- Hammers, of which the following is a description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the letters and figures of reference marked thereon.

My invention relates to an improved electrically-actuated power-hammer. The hammer is of the reciprocating type, in which the part delivering the blowis connected directly with the reciprocating piston by which the power is imparted. The piston is of magnetic material, and moves within a vertically-arranged series of coils connected in series and each coil provided with a separate insulated contact. The apparatus may be organized substantially as a steam power-hammer-that is, the actuating mechanism is mounted vertically upon a heavy arched metal frame, within which the work is done. The reciprocations of the magnetic piston are produced substantially in accordance with the invention shown, described, and claimed in my patent, No. 422,855, granted March 4, 1890,-

means being provided for varying thel power and position of the stroke.

A construction embodying the invention will be hereinafter fully described, and referred to in the appended claims.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure l is an elevation of an electric hammer embodying the invention, parts thereof being shown in section for better illustration. Fig. 2 is a transverse section on the line 2 2 of Fig. l.

Fig. 3 is a detail front elevation showing the contact devices. Fig. 4 is a fragmentary view, on an enlarged scale, of a portion of the contact apparatus. Fig. 5 is a theoretical diagram showing the circuits and connections of the machine.

In the drawings, A is an arched metallic frame, between the lugs of which is arrangedthe anvil B to receive the work.

C C are parallel vertical guideways, between which moves a cross-head D, carrying the hammer E. The cross-head D is carried by a piston-rod F, which is secured to a magnetic piston G. The piston G is arranged to move vertically within a seriesof superposed coils H, which are arranged one above the other in a suitable magnetic envelope h, which is in the form of a cylinder standing vertically on top of the arch A. The motor-coils H are all connected in series, and each one is provided with a separate insulated contact, said contacts being arranged in the form of a flat commutator I. The piston G recipro- Cates continually during the operations of the machine in a constant but changing iield of force, within which it may be said to float, rising and falling in accordance with the rise and fall of current above and below it, and by moving the shifting iield of force to any desired part of the motor-coils the position in which the piston and connected parts will reciprocate can be changed at will and a blow delivered wherever desired-that is to say, the hammer can be made to strike directly upon the anvil or any distance therefrom within the limit of construction.

Referring to the diagram, Fig. 5, .I is a sectional commutator representing a source of continuous currents. j jg are the main positive and negative commutator-brushes, which are adjustably sustained in Xed relation and upon the line of commutation. j is a moving commutator-brush, substantially as set forth in my said patent, the office of which is to cause the supply-current to rise and fall in the motor-coils by being moved around or upon the commutator toward and away from the points of maximum and Zero electro-motive force. The .brush j is connected by conductor l with a contact-brush 7c. The commutator-brush jz is similarly connected through conductor 2 with a brush 7.92, and the moving brush j is connected by a conductor 3 with a brush k. The brushes k lo k2 are secured in iixed relation to each other within a suitable insulated carrier L, by which they are sustained in operative relation to the face of the commutator I. With the positions shown in Fig. 5 current would ilow from the source J, through brush j conductor l, brush 7c', into coil 4, through coil 5, out through brush 7a2, and back by conductor 2, through brush y2, to the commutator J. The moving brush j,being in central position and IOO therefore Conveying no current in its travel about the commutator toward and away from the fixed brushes, will cause the current to fall in one of the motor-coils and rise in the other, and so on, so long as the brush j is kept in motion, it being apparent that the current which is continually rising and falling in the motor-coils is constant in direction and maintains a Iield of force which is gradually lthe cylinder h.

shifted back and forth between the coils in circuit with the brushes 7c k k2, from which it follows that the piston Gr will move within the active coils, no mattei' in What part of the machine they may be, and, furthermore, that the current never being interrupted or broken the said piston will float within said coils without being able to escape therefrom in either direction. The speed at which the brush j is moved will determine the rate of reciprocation of the plunger G, and in order to most conveniently regulate the power of the apparatus I connect an adjustable resistance M in the circuit of the conductor 3.

As a convenient means of conveying current through the hereinbefore-described circuits, the brushes 7c 7c k2 are, as stated, mounted in fixed relation to each other within a movable carrier L, which is sustained in front of the commntator I upon vertical supports Z l', and in order to vary the stroke of the piston the brush-carrier L is adjusted up or down upon the commutator I by means of a latchlever N and a connecting-rod n, extending between the said lever N and the brush-carrier L. The lever N is located in a position convenient to the workman operating the machine, and the adjustable resistance M is also located in convenient proximity thereto. The guide-rods Z l, are fixed in their lower ends in a cross-piece O, sustained upon the arch A,.and their upper ends are held by a bracket P, extending from the upper part of The brush-carrier L is provided -with recesses m for the reception of each of the brushes Ze k 7a2, and in each of the recesses is placed a spring m', for holding the brush against the face of the commutator I. The circuits l 2 3 are connected to the support O and to three vertical conductors 6 7 8, which extend between the supports O and P, passing through vertical apertures in the brush-carrier L. Each of the vertical apertures in the brush-carrier is provided with a metallic bushing in electrical connection with one of the brushes, said bushings being each well insulated from the other, substantially as indicated in Fig. 4. The vertical series of coils H may be made of any desired height, in order to give the required range of action, and the brushes 7c 7.0 7a2 will be spaced, in order to include two or more vcoils and so to determine the length of the Various minor modications and changes may be made in view of the preceding description without departing from the spirlt of the invention, which is therefore not limited to the exact details herein set forth.

Having described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, 1s-

l. A power-hammer comprising a magnetic piston, a plurality of motor-coils, and two working-circuits extending from a suitable source of pulsating current and movably connected to any two portions of said coils to establish a shifting field of force therein, whereby said piston is reciprocated within and between any adjacent portions of its motor-coils.

2. A reciprocating electric hammer comprisinga vertical series of sectional coils, each `provided with an exposed contact, means for supplying a rising and falling current to any two portions of said coils in alternation, and a magnetic piston arranged to be reciprocated between the coils being supplied with current.

3. An electric power-hammer comprising a vertical series of coils, each having an exposed contact-surface, means for supplying current to two portions of said coils in alternation, adj ustable contact-brushes connected with a suitable source of current and engaging the outer terminals of the active coils, a third or intermediate conductor connected to a suitable brush engaging the inner terminals of said active coils, and a magnetic piston adapted to be reciprocated between the active coils.

4. The combination, with the commutator, of a continuous-current machine, stationary positive and negative brushes thereon, an additional commutator-brush arranged to be moved about said commutator toward and away from the stationary brushes, an electric hammer comprising a magnetic piston arranged to be reciprocated within avertical series of coils, each provided with an exposed contact, a brush-carrier provided with brushes corresponding with the commutator-brushes and engaging the exposed contacts of the motor-coils, and means for changing the position of the brush-carrier and its brushes, and thereby moving the field of force within which the piston is reciprocated.

5. In an electric power-hammer, the combi-V nation, with a supporting-frame, a hammer, and a piston-rod connected thereto, and amagnetic piston for operating the same, of avertical series of motor-coils, each provided with an exposed contact, a brush-carrier adjustable nponthe contacts and provided with main positive and negative brushes at its extremities, and with an interlnediatebrush equidistantbetween the same and in fixed relation thereto, a source of constant current connected to the main brushes of the brush-carrier and of pulsatory current connected with the said inter- IOO IIO

mediate brush, and means for positioning the brush-carrier upon any three of the exposed contacts, and thereby determining the position of the field of force within which the said magnetic piston is reciprocated.

6. An electric power-hammer comprisinga vertical series of coils, each having an exposed contact-surface, means for supplying current to two portions of said coils in alternation, adj ustable contact-brushes connected with a source of continuous current and engaging the outer terminals of the active coils, a third or intermediate conductor extending from a source of pulsatory or rising and falling current and connected to a brush engaging the inner terminals of said active coils, an adjustable resistance in circuit with the third conductor, and a magnetic piston adapted to be reciprocated between the active coils.

7. An electric power-hammer comprising a supporting-frame having suitable guides, a hammer moving between the guides and an anvil to receive the work, a vertical series of motor-coils upon said frame, each coil provided with an exposed contact, a magnetic piston arranged to move within said coils and a piston-rod connecting the piston and hammer, a brush-carrier adjustable with respect to the exposed contacts and provided with three equidistant brushes, electrical connections between the opposite sides of a continuouscurrent supply circuit and the outer brushes of the carrier, and an intermediate connection with the said third brush and a contact device moving between the ixed brushes of the source, whereby a continuous current is caused to continually rise in one half while fallingin the other half of the coils between the end brushes ot' the brush-carrier, thereby establishing a continually-shifting field of force within which the piston is reciprocated.

8. An electric power-hammer comprising a suitable frame, hammer, and piston-rod, a vertical series of coils, a magnetic piston adapted to be reciprocated therein, means for establishing a shifting field of force between any desired two stationary points in said series of coils, and means also for changing the position of the boundaries of said field of force to bring the piston and hammer into any desired operative relation with the work.

9. An electric power-hammer comprising a suitable frame, ham mer, and piston-rod, a vertical series of coils upon said frame, each coil provided with an exposed contact,abrushcarrierhaving threeinsulated contact-brushes engaging a portion of the exposed contacts and arranged to be moved parallel therewith, as required, a source of current connected with said brushesfor supplying current to the two portions of the coils covered thereby in alternation, thereby establishinga shifting field of force in two adjacent portions of the vertical series of coils, a magnetic piston connect-ed with the piston-rod and arranged to be reciprocated between the active portions of the coils, a connecting-rod, lever, and detent for adjusting the position of the field of force of the piston through the brush-carrier, and an adjustable resistance in circuit with one of the supply-conductors'for modifying the power of the tield of force oi" the motor-coils.

lO. In an electric power-hammer, the combination of a su pporting-frame, a vertical series of coils thereon,`each provided with an exposed contact, a magnetic piston adapted to be reciprocated within said coils and provided with a piston-rod and suitable hammer, a brush-carrier for supplying current to parts of the motor-coil to establish a eld of force for the piston, three insulated contact-brushes engaging the contacts and spring-supported within the carrier, .three contact-rods arranged parallel with the carrier and electrically connected with the brushes thereof, suitable supply-conductors separately connected with the conducting-rods, ahand-lever for the operator, and a connection between the handlever and the brush-carrienwhereby on moving the hand-lever the lield of force of the piston is shifted to raise or lower the working position of the piston.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

CHARLES J. VAN DEPOELE.

Witnesses:

HENRY G. LAMB, WM. D. PooL. 

